Plot
against
bubble size = population
Correlation—
Boundaries: Esri Living Atlas, World Countries (Generalized). Literacy: World Bank/UNESCO adult literacy (ages 15+), latest survey year shown per country, compiled by Gapminder. GDP per capita (PPP, constant 2021 international $) and life expectancy at birth: Gapminder, 2024 values (recent years blend observed data with estimates).